Stomach Cancer Symptoms: What You Need to Know

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, originates in the stomach lining and is a major global health concern. It ranks as the fifth most common cancer worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Early detection significantly improves treatment success, making awareness of symptoms essential.

Common Symptoms of Stomach Cancer

Gastric cancer symptoms can differ among individuals, and some people may not experience noticeable signs in the early stages. However, several common symptoms may indicate the presence of stomach cancer:

1. Abdominal pain – Persistent discomfort in the upper abdomen, often accompanied by a feeling of fullness.
2. Nausea and vomiting – As tumors grow, they can obstruct digestion, leading to frequent nausea and vomiting.
3. Difficulty swallowing – A tumor may block the passage of food, making swallowing challenging and causing a sensation of food getting stuck.
4. Unexplained weight loss – Sudden weight loss without changes in diet or exercise may indicate an underlying issue, including cancer.
5. Loss of appetite – A decreased desire to eat and feeling full after consuming small amounts of food.

Additional Warning Signs

Other symptoms that may signal stomach cancer include:

• Black or bloody stools
• Persistent fatigue or weakness
• Bloating or discomfort after meals
• Frequent heartburn or indigestion
• Unexplained anemia

Diagnosing Stomach Cancer

If you experience any of these symptoms, seeking medical attention is essential. Doctors may recommend several diagnostic tests, including:

• Upper endoscopy – A thin tube with a camera is inserted into the stomach to examine the lining and collect tissue samples.
• Imaging scans – X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs help detect tumors and assess cancer spread.
• Biopsy – A sample of stomach tissue is examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
• Blood tests – Certain markers in the blood may indicate stomach cancer or related conditions.

Treatment Approaches

Treatment for stomach cancer depends on its stage and the patient's overall health. Common treatment methods include:

• Surgery – Partial or complete removal of the stomach to eliminate cancerous tissue.
• Chemotherapy – Drugs are used to destroy cancer cells and may be administered before or after surgery.
• Radiation therapy – High-energy rays target and shrink tumors.
• Targeted therapy – Specialized drugs attack cancer-promoting proteins or genes.

Preventing Stomach Cancer

Although the exact causes of stomach cancer remain unclear, adopting a healthy lifestyle can lower the risk:

• Maintain a balanced diet – Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains while limiting processed foods.
• Quit smoking – Smoking significantly increases the risk of stomach cancer.
• Limit alcohol intake – Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to a higher cancer risk.
• Screen for H. pylori – This bacterial infection is associated with stomach cancer, and early treatment can reduce risk.

Conclusion

Stomach cancer symptoms can be subtle and easily mistaken for common digestive issues, making early detection crucial. If you experience persistent symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for evaluation. By recognizing the warning signs and adopting preventive measures, you can take proactive steps toward protecting your health.